西昆仑“玛尔坎苏式”富锰矿主控因素及成矿模式     

张连昌  董志国  张帮禄  李文君  彭自栋  王长乐  朱明田 《地质学报》2022,96(9):3195-3210

锰矿是我国战略性紧缺矿种，寻找锰矿尤其是富锰矿是我国地质工作者的迫切任务。在西昆仑造山带的西北段玛尔坎苏地区石炭纪沉积岩系中探明的大型碳酸锰成矿带，是我国近年最重要的富锰矿找矿新发现。然而，目前对该富锰矿带的成矿主要控制因素、形成机制及展布规律等地质问题的认识尚不深入，严重制约了该矿带深部及外围进一步找矿预测工作。本文从成矿地质背景入手，以典型锰矿床地质和地球化学特征的剖析为切入点，通过对比研究国内外典型锰矿的成矿特征，总结出西昆仑玛尔坎苏富锰矿带的控制因素主要包括伸展型边缘盆地、丰富多源的锰质来源、海洋氧化—还原界面的变化、有机质深度参与成岩成矿过程等；初步建立了“玛尔坎苏式”富锰矿的成矿模式，并提出了需要进一步研究的科学问题，这对丰富锰矿成矿理论及进一步找矿预测具有重要意义。  相似文献   

用气象站地温资料计算多年平均土壤热流的初步结果   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8  

董文杰  汤懋苍 《高原气象》1992,11(2):115-125

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Characteristics of afferent activity of ampullary electroreceptors in catfish Parasilurus asotus     

Hong Zhu  Jiayu Zou  Fasheng Xia 《地震学报(英文版)》1992,5(2):399-405

The spontaneous and evoked activity of electroreceptors were electrophysiologically studied. The results are:

1.	The spontaneous discharge rate ranged from 15 to 85 imp/s with a mode of 50 imp/s for 126 organs of 18 animals.
2.	By analysis of periodic histograms and interspike interval histograms of responses to sinusoidal electric stimulations, the frequency response characteristic was determined. The frequency response curve shows a band pass type, the band width ranged from 5 Hz to 30 Hz and the best frequency is around 15 Hz.
3.	The thresholds of responses for 47 organs were measured by injection of sinusoidal current into the organs. The threshold values were less than 0.1nA (61μV/cm) for 35 organs (74%), and less than 0.01nA (6.1 μV/cm) for the rest of 9 organs (19%).

The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,13, 380–386, 1991.  相似文献   

北京地区湿地高等植物区系分析   总被引：2，自引：5，他引：2  

李满良  张铁明  胡东  陈卫 《湿地科学》2006,4(3):219-226

根据工作需要,在北京4个水系的主要河流的平原地段和山区的上、中游地段,选取不同生境的典型样地,以及城区的人工湖泊共设立了35个采集点,采用样方法和样带法相结合,共调查样方355个,采集样本4 152个。在该调查资料的基础上,运用区系学原理对北京地区湿地高等植物区系的种类组成、地理成分(科、属、种3个层次)等进行了系统的分析。结果表明,北京地区湿地高等植物共有108科311属552种(含山区湿地),占北京植物总数的近1/3。其中苔藓植物(B ryohyto)有9科15属18种;蕨类植物(Pteridophgta)5科5属8种;裸子植物(Gymnosperm ae)3科5属6种;被子植物(Angiosperm ae)91科286属520种。种子植物中含20种以上的有5科,共210种;含5种以上的属有14个属,共114种。北京地区湿地植物的分布(即地理成分)较复杂。北京湿地种子植物属的分布区类型有15个类型,9个变型,温带地区类型占主导,温带成分较丰富(属数、种类、比例均占首位)。本区植物区系的主要特征为:①草本植物发达;②温带成分占优势地位;③区系起源古老;④特有属、种匮乏;⑤分布区类型具多样性。  相似文献   

Threshold velocity for wind erosion: the effects of porous fences   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zhibao Dong  Guangqiang Qian  Wanyin Luo  Hongtao Wang 《Environmental Geology》2006,51(3):471-475

Porous fence is a kind of artificial windbreak that has many practical applications. The threshold wind velocities at different distances downwind from porous fences were measured and the corresponding characteristics of particle movement observed to assess their shelter effect. It is found that the fence’s porosity is the key factor that determines the resulting shelter effect. The area near a fence can be typically classified into five regions, each with a different mode of particle movement. Dense fences, and especially solid fences, favor the accumulation of sand upwind of the fences. Fences with porosities of 0.3–0.4 produce the maximum threshold wind velocity; those with porosities of 0.3–0.6 (depending on the fence height) provide the maximum effective shelter distance. It is confirmed that the fence porosities of 0.3–0.4 that have been proposed for practical application in previous research are the most effective for abating wind erosion.  相似文献   

气候变化对中国大雾的影响     

陈少勇  石圆圆  王丽萍  DONG Anxiang 《地理学报(英文版)》2006,16(4):430-438

1 Introduction The global environmental problem caused by climatic warming has attracted increasing attention of the scientific communities, the public and governments of various countries. The mean temperature of the recent decade is the highest of the p…  相似文献   

Control of dust emissions by geomorphic conditions, wind environments and land use in northern China: An examination based on dust storm frequency from 1960 to 2003   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

Xunming Wang  Zijiang Zhou  Zhibao Dong 《Geomorphology》2006,81(3-4):292-308

The degree to which dust emissions are controlled by geomorphic conditions, wind environments and land use was investigated using the dust storm frequency (DSF) and data from more than 300 meteorological stations throughout northern China. Our analysis showed that most dust emissions originated in gobi deserts that developed in piedmont alluvial fans of the Kunlun, Qilian and Helan mountains. Dust emissions are low from other gobi desert regions, such as the northern Gurbantunggut and eastern Taklimakan, where high vegetation coverage restrained dust emissions or where dust-size particles are not abundant after a long period of strong wind erosion. Sandy deserts with relatively high vegetation coverage or an extensive cover by mobile sands are not a major dust source. Although the highest dust emissions did not appear in regions with the highest wind energy, DSF trends in each region from 1960 to 2003 were closely related to local wind activity. DSF was low in regions with high levels of human activity, where the mean DSF from 1960 to 2003 did not exceed 4 days/year; even from the 1960s to the early 1970s, the period with the greatest DSF, frequency did not exceed 8 days/year, which indicates that extensive land use did not contribute to DSF. The low DSF in these areas might result from the fact that although land use could produce abundant fine soil fractions, vegetation coverage and soil moisture remained higher than in the gobi deserts of arid China, thereby decreasing dust-storm occurrence.  相似文献   

Determining hypocentral parameters for local earthquakes in 1-D using a genetic algorithm   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Woohan Kim  In-Kyeong Hahm  Sung Jin Ahn  Dong Hoon Lim 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,166(2):590-600

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吉林伊通盆地莫里青断陷古近系双阳组储集层成岩作用研究   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

何玉平  刘招君  董清水  郭璇  张艳  窦磊 《古地理学报》2006,8(1):75-82

古近系双阳组是在吉林省伊通盆地莫里青断陷中，油气赋存的主要层位,储层主要为湖底扇和扇三角洲的砂体。依据双阳组储层的大量薄片、扫描电镜、粘土矿物分析的资料研究了该储集层的成岩作用。研究结果表明双阳组储集层：成岩作用经历了压实、压溶、胶结、交代和溶解6方面的作用。双储集层中的自生粘土矿物蒙皂石向伊利石转化具有明显的特征：主要演化过程经历了蒙皂石渐变带，第一迅速转化带和第二迅速转化带，相应的成岩作用阶段可划分为早成岩阶段B期、晚成岩阶段A1期和晚成岩阶段A2期。依据在垂向上的成岩变化,建立了莫里青断陷双阳组储集层的成岩作用演化序列。在垂向上成岩作用的类型和强度均存在明显的差异，造成了储层物性的垂向分带。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地古近纪岩相古地理   总被引：14，自引：6，他引：14  

邵龙义  何志平  顾家裕  罗文林  贾进华  刘永福  张丽娟  张鹏飞 《古地理学报》2006,8(3):353-364

古近纪是塔里木盆地由海向陆转化的时期。当时该区的海侵来自研究区西侧的古地中海分支，物源则主要是盆地北部的南天山以及南部的昆仑山，沉积中心在库车坳陷西部以及塔西南坳陷带的西部。古新世-始新世早期（库姆格列木群沉积期）在盆地北部库车坳陷发育砾岩、砂岩、碳酸盐岩及膏盐岩，沉积环境有滨岸、漏湖、潮坪及扇三角洲等，塔西南坳陷以碳酸盐岩和膏岩为特征，从东到西发育开阔台地、近岸局限台地、蒸发盐台地、辫状河三角洲环境等，二者之间即在塔北隆起及北部坳陷带位置为宽阔的古隆起区。始新世晚期-渐新世（苏维依组沉积期）整个盆地以滨浅湖为主，发育粉砂岩与泥岩互层沉积，塔西南坳陷虽然仍发育多个海相层，但海水的影响明显比始新世早期弱，当时主要古地理单元有海湾渴湖、滨浅湖、扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲。总体上，塔里木盆地在古近纪经历了早期以扇三角洲为主的浅水环境到晚期的滨浅湖及海湾溻湖环境，古近纪研究区的古气候以热带-亚热带的干旱气候为主。  相似文献